The Mediterranean is currently facing an unprecedented convergence of crises (water scarcity, pollution, biodiversity decline) that is putting growing pressure on its ecosystems and economies.
To address these transboundary challenges, the Plan Bleu report aims to guide decision-makers by assessing the real effectiveness of available fiscal and financial levers. The Briefing Note highlights the importance of an integrated “policy mix”, combining environmental taxes that stimulate eco-innovation, stable funding mechanisms for Marine Protected Areas (such as the MedFund or tourism user fees), and targeted green bonds to improve air quality.
Finally, the note emphasizes the need for a common strategic roadmap across the basin. This will rely on the creation of a Mediterranean Taxonomy and the “sustainable finance” pillar of the new Mediterranean Strategy for Sustainable Development (MSSD 2026-2035), in order to effectively mobilize both public and private capital and guarantee the region’s resilience.
